Acknowledgements	6
	Contents	7
	PART I THE DRIVING FORCES OF POST-SOCIALIST CHANGE	10
	1 The urban mosaic of post-socialist Europe	11
	Introduction	11
	1.1 Conceptual framework	12
	1.2 Qualifiers	18
	1.3 Scope and contents of the book	23
	References	25
	2 Beyond transitions: Understanding urban change in post- socialist cities	29
	Introduction	29
	2.1 A conceptual framework for analysis of urban change	30
	2.2 Urbanization and urban growth in post-socialist countries	33
	2.3 The transition to democracy – political and institutional change	38
	2.4 The transition to markets - economic change	39
	2.5 The social change	45
	2.6 The transition to decentralized forms of governance – changes in planning and service delivery	47
	2.7 Bringing it together: Urban spatial change	50
	Concluding comments: The trajectory of urban change	53
	References	56
	3 Institutional and spatial change	59
	Introduction	59
	3.1 Institutional and spatial change in Budapest and Warsaw	61
	3.2 Urban governments as entrepreneurs	65
	3.3 Opportunity-led planning	70
	Conclusion	74
	References	77
	4 Wall and mall: A metaphor for metamorphosis	79
	Introduction	79
	4.1 From socialist to post-socialist city in the Soviet Union	80
	4.2 The housing market: a source of social polarization and marginalisation	83
	4.3 Homelessness, marginality and space in postsocialist Russia	87
	4.4 Ethnicity, space, security and surveillance	89
	4.5 Consumerism in post-socialist Russia: The mall as a symbol of choice	91
	4.6 New monuments and symbols	93
	Conclusion	95
	References	96
	5 The spatial structures of Central and Eastern European cities	99
	Introduction	99
	5.1 Theoretical framework	100
	5.2 The post-socialist city: The framework applied	101
	5.3 Comparative spatial analysis of post-socialist cities	103
	5.4 Development of urban strategies for CEE cities	111
	Conclusions	116
	Acknowledgement	117
	References	117
	PART II URBAN PROCESSES AND SPATIAL CHANGE	119
	6 The changing spatial structure of post-socialist Sofia	120
	Introduction	120
	6.1 Spatial structure of the socialist city	121
	6.2 Profile of pre-socialist and socialist Sofia	122
	6.3 Post-socialist institutional and socio-economic changes	124
	6.4 Residential restructuring: The growth of suburbia	125
	6.5 Functional restructuring: The emergence of a commercial core and periphery	128
	6.6 Open-space restructuring: Spatial fragmentation and privatization	130
	6.7 Summary and implications for urban planning	133
	Acknowledgement	135
	References	135
	7 Spatial restructuring in post-socialist Budapest	138
	Introduction	138
	7.1 The urban development context	140
	7.2 Spatial changes and restructuring in Budapest	143
	7.3 The role of the public sector in ’managing’ the spatial restructuring	152
	7.4 Conclusion – Budapest 15 years after	153
	References	156
	8 Poverty and inequality in Greater Tirana: The reality of peri- urban areas	158
	Introduction	158
	8.1 Defining and measuring poverty	159
	8.2 Poverty in Albania	162
	8.3 Economic growth and poverty in Greater Tirana	164
	8.4 Poverty in urban and peri-urban Greater Tirana	167
	8.5 Why are people poor in peri-urban Greater Tirana?	170
	8.6 Policy measures to alleviate poverty in peri-urban Greater Tirana	172
	Conclusions	174
	References	176
	PART III URBAN FUNCTIONS: HOUSING AND RETAIL	178
	9 Urban housing markets in transition: New instruments to assist the poor	179
	Introduction	179
	9.1 Objective and approach	180
	9.2 Framework for analysis	180
	9.3 The supply of housing in transition economies	183
	9.4 Location of housing	187
	9.5 Housing demand during the transition	191
	9.6 Targets and instruments for housing policy: present and future	193
	Conclusion	197
	Acknowledgement	197
	References	197
	10 Conquering the inner-city: Urban redevelopment and gentrification in Moscow	201
	Introduction	201
	10.1 Capitalist Moscow: Unlocking the market genie	202
	10.2 Moscow’s ‘Golden Mile’	203
	10.3 From proletarization to privatization	206
	10.4 Systematic rebuilding: Market/government interplay	208
	10.5 Social change and conflict	212
	Conclusions	215
	Acknowledgement	217
	References	217
	PART IV URBAN PLANNING AND POLICY RESPONSES	279
	14 Planning and societal context – The case of Belgrade, Serbia	280
	Introduction	280
	14.1 Conceptualization of the context	281
	14.2 The collapse of socialist planning	283
	14.3 New institutions and legislation	285
	14.4 Plan-making under the new system	288
	Conclusion	295
	References	296
	15 Entrepreneurial governance and the urban restructuring of a Slovakian town	300
	Introduction: Normative post-socialist urbanism?	300
	15.1 “Neoliberalizing” management in a Slovak regional town	301
	15.2 Challenges for smaller post-socialist entrepreneurial cities	302
	15.3 Parsing space, post-socialism and heritage marketing in Slovakia	305
	Conclusion	319
	Acknowledgements	320
	References	320
	16 Urban redevelopment programmes in Kazan, Russia	324
	Introduction: Rationale and analytical framework	324
	16.1 Kazan’s institutional setting	326
	16.2 The Programme for Slum Clearance and the Modernization of Slum Blocks in Kazan ( 1995- 2004)	327
	16.3 The Federal Programme of Preservation and Development of Kazan Historic Center ( 2001- 2005)	332
	Conclusion	336
	References	339
	17 Urban policies and the politics of public space in Bucharest	342
	Introduction	342
	17.1 Change and the scars of urban renewal in Bucharest	342
	17.2 Remaking the civic centre – the “Bucharest 2000” design competition in 1995- 96	345
	17.3 Public spaces as places of worship, memories and symbols	347
	17.4 Reinventing public spaces and neighbourhood centres	349
	Conclusion: Bucharest as an unfinished project	351
	Acknowledgement	352
	References	352
	18 The post-socialist urban world	354
	Introduction: Dimensions of urban change	354
	18.1 Major trends and local nuances	355
	18.2 The future of post-socialist cities: rethinking urban hierarchy	361
	18.3 A new role for urban policy and planning	363
	18.4 Research agenda	368
	References	370
	Index	380