CONTENTS	6
	NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS	7
	LIST OF ABBREVIATED SOURCES	9
	STRUCTURE OF AN ENTRY	11
	Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund	12
	Main publications:	12
	Secondary literature:	12
	Althusser, Louis	14
	Main publications:	14
	Secondary literature:	14
	Anscombe, G(ertrude) E(lizabeth) M( argaret)	16
	Main publications:	16
	Secondary literature:	16
	Arendt, Hannah	18
	Main publications:	18
	Secondary literature:	18
	Aurobindo, Ghose (popularly known as Sri Aurobindo)	19
	Main publications:	19
	Secondary literature:	19
	Austin, J(ohn) L(angshaw)	20
	Main publications:	20
	Secondary literature:	20
	Ayer, Alfred Jules	22
	Main publications:	22
	Secondary literature:	22
	Bachelard, Gaston	25
	Main publications:	25
	Secondary literature:	25
	Benjamin, Walter	26
	Main publications:	26
	Secondary literature:	27
	Bergson, Henri-Louis	28
	Main publications:	29
	Secondary literature:	29
	Bradley, Francis Herbert	31
	Main publications:	31
	Secondary literature:	32
	Brentano, Franz	34
	Main publications:	34
	Secondary literature:	34
	Camus, Albert	36
	Main publications:	37
	Secondary literature:	37
	Carnap, Rudolf	38
	Main publications:	38
	Secondary literature:	38
	Cassirer, Ernst	40
	Main publications:	40
	Secondary literature:	41
	Chisholm, Roderick Milton	42
	Main publications:	42
	Secondary literature:	43
	Chomsky, Avram Noam	45
	Main publications:	45
	Secondary literature:	45
	Collingwood, Robin George	47
	Main publications:	48
	Secondary literature:	48
	Croce, Benedetto	50
	Main publications:	50
	Secondary literature:	50
	Davidson, Donald Herbert	52
	Main publications:	52
	Secondary literature:	52
	Derrida, Jacques	54
	Main publications:	54
	Secondary literature:	54
	Dewey, John	56
	Main publications:	56
	Secondary literature:	57
	Dilthey, Wilhelm	59
	Main publications:	59
	Secondary literature:	60
	Duhem, Pierre Maurice Marie	61
	Main publications:	61
	Secondary literature:	62
	Dummett, M(ichael) A(nthony) E( ardley)	64
	Main publications:	64
	Secondary literature:	64
	Feng Youlan (Fung Yu-lan)	65
	Main publications:	65
	Secondary literature:	66
	Feyerabend, Paul Karl	67
	Main publications:	67
	Secondary literature:	67
	Foucault, Michel	68
	Main publications:	68
	Secondary literature:	69
	Frege, Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob	71
	Main publications: Secondary literature:	71
	Gadamer, Hans-Georg	73
	Main publications:	74
	Secondary literature:	74
	Geach, P(eter) T(homas)	76
	Main publications:	76
	Secondary literature:	76
	Gentile, Giovanni	77
	Main publications:	77
	Secondary literature:	78
	Gilson, Étienne Henri	78
	Main publications:	79
	Secondary literature:	79
	Gödel, Kurt	81
	Main publications:	81
	Secondary literature:	81
	Goodman, Nelson	82
	Main publications:	82
	Secondary literature:	82
	Gramsci, Antonio	84
	Main publications:	84
	Secondary literature:	84
	Habermas, Jürgen	86
	Main publications:	86
	Secondary literature:	86
	Hare, R(ichard) M(ervyn)	89
	Main publications:	89
	Secondary literature:	89
	Hartmann, Nicolai	91
	Main publications:	91
	Secondary literature:	91
	Hartshorne, Charles	93
	Main publications: Secondary literature:	93
	Heidegger, Martin	94
	Main publications:	94
	Secondary literature:	95
	Hempel, Carl Gustav	98
	Main publications:	98
	Secondary literature:	99
	Husserl, Edmund	100
	Main publications:	100
	Secondary literature:	100
	Ingarden, Roman	103
	Main publications:	103
	Secondary literature:	104
	Irigaray, Luce	105
	Main publications:	105
	Secondary literature:	105
	James, William	106
	Main publications:	106
	Secondary literature:	106
	Jaspers, Karl	108
	Main publications:	109
	Secondary literature:	109
	Kripke, Saul Aaron	111
	Main publications:	111
	Secondary literature:	111
	Kristeva, Julia	113
	Main publications:	113
	Secondary literature:	113
	Kuhn, Thomas S(amuel)	114
	Main publications:	114
	Secondary literature:	115
	Lacan, Jacques	116
	Main publications:	116
	Secondary literature:	116
	Langer (née Knauth), Susanne Katerina	117
	Main publications:	117
	Secondary literature:	118
	Lenin, Vladimir Il’ich (pseudonym of V. I. Ul’ianov)	119
	Main publications:	119
	Secondary literature:	119
	Levinas, Emmanuel	121
	Main publications:	121
	Secondary literature:	121
	Lewis, David K(ellogg)	122
	Main publications:	122
	Secondary literature:	122
	Lonergan, Bernard	123
	Main publications:	123
	Secondary literature:	124
	Lukács, Gyorgy	125
	Main publications:	125
	Secondary literature:	126
	Lyotard, Jean-François	127
	Main publications:	127
	Secondary literature:	127
	MacIntyre, A(lasdair) C(halmers)	128
	Main publications:	128
	Secondary literature:	129
	McTaggart, John McTaggart Ellis	130
	Main publications:	130
	Secondary literature:	131
	Malcolm, Norman	132
	Main publications:	132
	Secondary literature:	132
	Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-Tung)	133
	Main publications:	133
	Secondary literature:	134
	Marcel, Gabriel	136
	Main publications:	136
	Secondary literature:	136
	Marcuse, Herbert	137
	Main publications:	137
	Secondary literature:	138
	Maritain, Jacques	138
	Main publications:	139
	Secondary literature:	139
	Meinong, Alexius (von)	141
	Main publications:	141
	Secondary literature:	142
	Merleau-Ponty, Maurice	144
	Main publications:	144
	Secondary literature:	144
	Moore, G(eorge) E(dward)	146
	Main publications:	146
	Secondary literature:	146
	Murdoch, (Jean) Iris	148
	Main publications:	148
	Secondary literature:	148
	Nietzsche, Friedrich	150
	Main publications:	150
	Secondary literature:	151
	Nishida, Kitaro	154
	Main publications:	154
	Secondary literature:	154
	Nishitani, Keiji	155
	Main publications:	155
	Secondary literature:	156
	Nozick, Robert	158
	Main publications:	158
	Secondary literature:	158
	Ortega y Gasset, José	160
	Main publications:	160
	Secondary literature:	160
	Peirce, Charles S(anders)	161
	Main publications:	161
	Secondary literature:	162
	Piaget, Jean	164
	Main publications:	164
	Secondary literature:	164
	Popper, Karl Raimund	166
	Main publications:	166
	Secondary literature:	167
	Putnam, Hilary	169
	Main publications:	169
	Secondary literature:	170
	Quine, W(illard) V(an) (Orman)	171
	Main publications:	171
	Secondary literature:	171
	Ramsey, Frank Plumpton	173
	Main publications:	174
	Secondary literature:	174
	Rawls, John	174
	Main publications:	175
	Secondary literature:	175
	Ricoeur, Paul	175
	Main publications:	176
	Secondary literature:	176
	Rorty, Richard McKay	177
	Main publications:	177
	Secondary literature:	177
	Royce, Josiah	179
	Main publications:	179
	Secondary literature:	179
	Russell, Bertrand Arthur William	181
	Main publications:	182
	Secondary literature:	182
	Ryle, Gilbert	186
	Main publications:	187
	Secondary literature:	187
	Santayana, George (Jorge Augustin Nicolas Ruiz de S.)	189
	Main publications:	189
	Secondary literature:	189
	Sartre, Jean-Paul	191
	Main publications:	191
	Secondary literature:	192
	Saussure, Ferdinand de	193
	Main publications:	194
	Secondary literature:	194
	Scheler, Max	196
	Main publications:	196
	Secondary literature:	196
	Schlick, Friedrich Albert Moritz	198
	Main publications:	198
	Secondary literature:	198
	Searle, J(ohn) R(ogers)	199
	Main publications:	200
	Secondary literature:	200
	Strawson, Peter Frederick	200
	Main publications:	201
	Secondary literature:	201
	Tarski, Alfred	202
	Main publications:	203
	Secondary literature:	203
	Tillich, Paul	205
	Main publications:	205
	Secondary literature:	205
	Unamuno y Jugo, Miguel de	206
	Main publications:	206
	Secondary literature:	206
	Weil, Simone	208
	Main publications:	208
	Secondary literature:	208
	Whitehead, A(lfred) N(orth)	209
	Main publications:	209
	Secondary literature:	210
	Wittgenstein, Ludwig Josef Johann	212
	Main publications:	212
	Secondary literature:	212
	Zhang Binglin (Chang Ping-lin)	216
	Main publications:	217
	Secondary literature:	217
	GUIDE TO SCHOOLS AND MOVEMENTS	219
	Absolute Idealism	219
	Analytical Philosophy	219
	Comtean Positivism	221
	Critical Realism	221
	Empiricism	222
	Evolutionary Philosophers	222
	Existentialism	223
	Frankfurt School	224
	Hegelianism	225
	Hermeneutics	226
	Idealism	227
	Intuitionism	228
	Legal Positivism	228
	Linguistic Philosophy	228
	Logical Positivism	229
	Lvov-Warsaw School	230
	Marxism	231
	Materialism	232
	Munich Circle	232
	Naturalism	233
	Neo-Kantians	234
	Neoscholasticism	235
	New Realism	236
	Personalism	236
	Phenomenology	237
	Philosophical Anthropology	239
	Positivism	240
	Post-Marxism	240
	Postmodernism	241
	Post-structuralism	242
	Select Bibliography	243
	Pragmatism	243
	Process Philosophy	246
	Realism	246
	Semiology	247
	Structuralism	248
	Uppsala School	249
	Utilitarianism	249
	Vienna Circle	251
	Vitalism	252