DEDICATION	6
	CONTENTS	8
	INTRODUCTORY NOTE: THE SCOPE OF THIS BOOK	11
	GEOGRAPHICAL EQUIVALENTS	13
	POLITICALLY INSPIRED NAME CHANGES	15
	PERSONAL NAMES	16
	A BRIEF GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION	17
	ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	19
	PART I: THE REORDERING OF EUROPE	20
	1.1 THE BACKGROUND TO 1919	21
	1.2 VERSAILLES, THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NEW ORDER AND ITS CONSEQUENCES	26
	1.3 THE CONCEPT AND HISTORY OF NATIONALISM IN EASTERN EUROPE	33
	1.4 AUTHORITARIANISM, FASCISM AND THE PROBLEM OF NATIONAL MINORITIES FROM 1919 TO 1939	38
	1.5 ANTI-SEMITISM	43
	1.6 THE LIBERAL TRADITION	45
	1.7 COMMUNISM	48
	1.8 TITOISM	56
	1.9 POLITICS SINCE 1990	58
	PART II: HISTORICAL CHRONOLOGY OF KEY EVENTS	64
	2.1 KEY EVENTS BEFORE VERSAILLES	65
	2.2 KEY EVENTS FROM VERSAILLES TO THE OUTBREAK OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR	69
	2.3 KEY EVENTS DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR	80
	2.4 KEY EVENTS BETWEEN THE END OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND THE DEATH OF STALIN	89
	2.5 KEY EVENTS DURING THE COMMUNIST PERIOD 1953–89	104
	2.6 KEY EVENTS SINCE THE FALL OF COMMUNISM	115
	2.7 THE DISINTEGRATION OF YUGOSLAVIA AND ITS AFTERMATH	132
	PART III: THEMATIC CHRONOLOGIES	158
	3.1 THE RISE OF AUTHORITARIANISM 1919–39	159
	3.2 ANTI-SEMITISM: CHARACTER, SCALE AND SCOPE	173
	3.3 WARTIME ADMINISTRATION, COLLABORATION, GOVERNMENT AND RESISTANCE	177
	3.4 POST-WAR RETRIBUTION AND REVENGE	185
	3.5 COMMUNISM	188
	3.6 FOREIGN AFFAIRS	210
	PART IV: THE NATION STATES	232
	4.1 INTRODUCTION	233
	4.2 STATES AND REGIONS OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE: ORIGINS, CHARACTERISTICS AND PARTICULARISMS	234
	4.3 THE COUNTRIES OF ‘FURTHER’ EASTERN EUROPE	249
	4.4 THE IMPACT OF THE EU, NATO AND RUSSIA SINCE 1990	252
	PART V: SPECIAL TOPICS	262
	5.1 THE ECONOMY	263
	5.2 THE ENVIRONMENT	276
	5.3 HUMAN STATISTICS	282
	5.4 CULTURE	287
	PART VI: PEOPLE	294
	6.1 OFFICE HOLDERS	295
	6.2 COMMUNIST PARTY MEMBERSHIP STATISTICS	315
	6.3 MAJOR ASSASSINATIONS, SUICIDES AND POLITICAL EXECUTIONS	317
	6.4 BIOGRAPHIES	319
	PART VII: GLOSSARY OF SPECIALIST TERMS	346
	PART VIII: HISTORIOGRAPHY	354
	INDEX	368