Contents	6
	Acknowledgements	8
	1 Introduction	10
	THE CHOICE OF CONCEPTS	14
	QUESTIONS ABOUT POLITICAL CONCEPTS	17
	Part I Authority in the modern state	20
	2 Nationalism and the national state	22
	THE CONCEPT OF NATIONALISM	24
	THE CONCEPT OF NATIONHOOD	26
	NATIONAL INTEGRATION	28
	3 Ethnic cleavages and the national state	31
	ETHNICITY AND ETHNIC CONFLICT	31
	MULTICULTURALISM	34
	FROM GOVERNMENT TO GOVERNANCE	37
	4 Globalization and the national state	39
	ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES	40
	A GLOBAL ECONOMY	40
	HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE	44
	TRANSNATIONAL MILITARY INCURSIONS AND THE CASE OF KOSOVO	48
	GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS AND CULTURE	52
	GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS AND POLITICAL ACTION	55
	CONCLUSIONS	58
	5 Political authority and legitimacy	63
	THE DEFINITION OF POLITICAL AUTHORITY	63
	THEORIES ABOUT POLITICAL LEGITIMACY	67
	THE LIMITATIONS OF WEBER	70
	LEGITIMACY AND THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM	72
	Part II The democratic state and the citizen	78
	6 Democracy	80
	THE WORD ‘DEMOCRACY’	80
	DEFINITIONS OF DEMOCRACY	82
	AMERICAN DEMOCRACY	83
	PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY	87
	DEMOCRATIZATION	99
	7 Political representation	102
	TYPES OF REPRESENTATION	103
	THE FUNCTIONS OF REPRESENTATION	109
	8 Political participation	113
	DEFINITION OF THE TERM	113
	ARGUMENTS IN TERMS OF THE INDIVIDUAL	121
	SOME DEVELOPMENTS IN PRACTICE	125
	9 Liberty and freedom	128
	THE NEGATIVE CONCEPT OF LIBERTY	129
	OBJECTIONS TO THE NEGATIVE CONCEPT	133
	THE POSITIVE CONCEPT OF LIBERTY	136
	TWO TYPES OF LIBERTY	139
	10 Rights	146
	A FINAL WORD ON MINORITY RIGHTS	165
	Part III Political power and policy making	166
	THE NATURE OF RIGHTS	147
	THE BASES OF RIGHTS	148
	NATURAL RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS	150
	MINORITY RIGHTS	157
	Part III Political power and policy making	166
	11 Political power	168
	PROBLEMS OF DEFINITION	168
	FOUR TYPES OF POLITICAL POWER	170
	THE ASSESSMENT OF POLITICAL INFLUENCE	172
	A THIRD POSSIBLE DIMENSION	175
	FOUR ADDITIONAL CONCEPTS	178
	SOME CONCLUDING REFLECTIONS	181
	12 Pluralism	186
	SECTIONAL PLURALISM IN AMERICAN THOUGHT	186
	PRESSURE-GROUP PLURALISM	188
	PLURALISM AND DEMOCRACY	192
	13 Elitism and class dominance	195
	PARETO AND THE CIRCULATION OF ELITES	197
	MOSCA AND THE IDEA OF THE RULING CLASS	198
	MICHELS AND THE IRON LAW OF OLIGARCHY	203
	C. WRIGHT MILLS AND THE POWER ELITE	208
	THE ELITISTS REVIEWED	211
	THE THEORY OF CLASS DOMINANCE	211
	THE RELATIVE AUTONOMY OF THE STATE	214
	IN CONCLUSION	220
	14 Corporatism	221
	DEFINITION AND HISTORY	221
	NEO-CORPORATISM	222
	ASSESSING MERITS	225
	Part IV Styles of political analysis	230
	15 Towards a science of politics: positivism, behaviouralism and economic models	232
	THE CONCEPT OF POSITIVISM	234
	DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM AS THE FIRST SCIENCE OF POLITICS	237
	THE BEHAVIOURAL MOVEMENT	240
	NEW MODELS AND FRAMEWORKS	242
	LOGICAL POSITIVISM	248
	A CONCLUDING NOTE	251
	16 Against a science of politics: values, historicism and hermeneutics	252
	BEHAVIOURALIST VALUES	252
	THE TROUBLE WITH POSITIVISM	255
	HISTORICISM	258
	HERMENEUTICS	261
	IN CONCLUSION	264
	Bibliographic notes	266
	Bibliography	271
	Index of concepts	282