Contents	8
	Contributors	10
	Foreword	14
	Preface	20
	Abbreviations	23
	Introduction	24
	The serendipity of war, human rights, and sovereignty	26
	The human rights battle.eld	30
	The evolution of sovereignty in the 1990s	32
	The effect of war?	34
	Looking toward conclusions	46
	Notes	47
	Part 1 Framing the debate	50
	1 The interplay of domestic politics, human rights, and U.S. foreign policy	52
	The post-Cold War debate over grand strategy	53
	Unilateralism in historical context	55
	Right-wing populism and U.S. foreign policy	56
	The rise of neo-conservatism	61
	Traditional conservative realists and neoconservatives: con.ict and reconciliation	64
	The neo-conservative project	67
	Conclusion	72
	Notes	75
	2 Pre-emption and exceptionalism in U.S. foreign policy	84
	Possible principles of action	85
	Are states moral agents?	87
	Are states equal moral agents?	88
	Principles of humanitarian intervention	93
	Notes	95
	Part 2 Human rights and the war on terrorism	98
	3 U.S. foreign policy and human rights in an era of insecurity	100
	Human rights and routine foreign policy	100
	International criminal justice after September 11	104
	Democracy promotion after September 11	108
	Welfare rights after September 11	112
	Conclusion	113
	Notes	117
	4 International human rights	121
	Human rights in post-Cold War American foreign policy	121
	The eclipse of human rights	124
	Human rights, security, and foreign policy	127
	Irrational exuberance: the case of axis of evil	129
	Conclusion	132
	Notes	132
	5 The fight against terrorism	136
	Human rights and the challenge of terrorism	137
	Treatment of terrorist suspects	139
	Bilateral relations	143
	International forums	145
	Consequences for the campaign against terrorism	147
	The war in Iraq	148
	Conclusion	151
	Notes	151
	Part 3 U.S. unilateralism in the wake of Iraq	156
	6 Bush, Iraq, and the U.N.	158
	Wrong place, wrong time?	159
	A doveish public?	163
	A controlling Congress?	166
	Persuasive allies?	168
	The intrepid General Powell?	169
	The President himself?	172
	7 The war against Iraq	178
	The U.S. as liberal hegemon	179
	Normative implications of the Iraq war	180
	Global strategic implications	183
	Regional strategic implications	184
	The Palestine connection	185
	Post-Saddam Iraq	189
	Conclusion	191
	Notes	192
	8 The future of U.S.–European relations	197
	The fundamentals of the transatlantic relationship	198
	The changing institutional framework	202
	Problems and prospects	207
	Notes	208
	9 Legal unilateralism	211
	European v. U.S. lawyers	215
	Probing differences: three explanations	217
	Explaining Iraq	223
	Notes	225
	10 Tactical multilateralism	232
	Multilateralism as a tactical concept	233
	The Clinton era: engaged unilateralism	235
	The Bush policy: multilateral disengagement	237
	Multilateral action and reaction: wars in Afghanistan and Iraq	240
	Implications of U.S. policy on the Middle East and multilateral institutions	243
	Notes	250
	Conclusion	252
	Whither human rights, unilateralism, and U.S. foreign policy?	254
	Notes	263
	Index	265